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Outline and Evaluate Research sampleMany eyewitnesses are called to testify be make water they have witnessed a crime, accident or incident. The anxiety if this may cause an affect on the reliability of their EWT. in that location are two main issues in this question first off the prediction of the Yerkes Dodson Law that as arousal increases, then so does performance weather spotting, stage performance, or memory encoding, up to an individual optimum level. However, after this optimum level it is suggested that the performance of the individual go forth decline, this could be triggered by terror. This theory was back up by Deffenbacher et als research. The second issue is the weapons management effect In Easterbrooks research he predicted that attention will narrow to the source of the holy terror e.g the knife the man is holding on that pointfore peripheral detail is lost e.g the details of the perpertrators face. This was supported by Loftuss laboratory studies in an a rtificial environment using film and slides, using freelancer groups design, where a control conditions showed the participants a similar purview without weapons.In the first group they had a scene which they believed to be a genuinely aliveness violent crime involving a weapon, results showed that the participants remembered the knife in nifty detail but no other features, such as the perpetrators face clothes etc. However the participants in the control conditions witnessed the same person but only in a peaceful situation and the participants were able to recognise the man when given 50 photos. When we examine real life eye witness testimony recall however, there is excellent recall of detail, and the weapons- concentrate on effect was not supported. Yullie and Cutshall (1986) conducted a intrinsic experiment on 13 out of 21 bystanders who had witnessed a violent shooting 4-5 months previously. There recall was detailed and accurate and they were resistant to leading questi ons months after the event.Therefore, this suggest that bystanders had reached the optimum level ( Yerkes Dodson Law) when they they witnessed the decease of the robber who had previously wounded the owner in Vancouver gun shop before the owner killed him. apparatus focus did not influence witness recall. Therefore we need to examine witnesses to the violent crime who confront a weapon rather than a bystander to confirm the effect of weapon focus shown by Loftus. The natural experiment conducted by Christanson and Hubinette (1993) in Sweden re-interviewed 58 witnesses (customers and bank tellers) to bank robberies that occurred around Stockholm in nonpareil year. Those witnesses who faced the weapon (banktellers) they had better recall and accuracy of the event after a period of measure rather than the bystanders. Optimum arousal is suggested but weapon focus is challenged.The ecological validity of this evidence is mellowed although the participants cannot be randomly assigned to the experiment and there is no control condition as there would be in a laboratory experiment. However, Laboratory experiments lack the intense arousal of a real crime so the supposed weapons effect may be the effect of distinct and unexpected events distracting participants to the whimsical element in the familiar. A strong point of Loftuss field experiment and supports the weapon focus effect is that it has ecological validity and comparison to the control condition provide strong support. A reprimand is the inability of researchers fro randomly allocate participants in this study to experimental and control conditions to control individual differences.